Welcome to VegasMath. If you need world class gaming mathematics for the casino industry or social media games, you’ve come to the right place.
Whether you’re a startup with a great idea or an experienced company who simply needs better gaming math, we can deliver on time and on cost. We specialize in the design and development of mathematical models for slot machines (Class III, Class II, and Class II conversions), bingo, keno, video poker, scratch cards, pull tabs, table games, side bets, skill games, gaming promotions, new games – you name it. We pride ourselves in the timeliness and quality of our work, along with the support we provide.
We can work with a high-level idea, a fully documented formal specification, or anything in between. Our math models and PAR sheets aren't just numbers – we can also supply design assistance and suggestions to make your game have the best possible player experience. A game might be mathematically accurate but provide a poor player experience resulting in games sitting unplayed for hours, if not days. We prepare player simulations that not only identify such cases, but quantify them.
Using material prepared by our own Diana Gruber, our colleague Guy Hasson has created a seven-part presentation explaining how to read a PAR sheet. Guy's presentation uses one of Diana's PAR sheets for a relatively simple slot machine, and he has posted each part of the presentation on LinkedIn^®. Check out Part 1, Part 2, Part 3, Part 4, Part 5, Part 6, and Part 7.
Please explore our website to learn more about the services we provide, or contact us to let us know how we can help with your gaming math needs.
Copyright © 2020 Ted Gruber Software, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
LinkedIn and the LinkedIn logo are registered trademarks of LinkedIn Corporation.

How To Read A Slot Machine Par Sheets
How To Read A Slot Machine Par Sheet Shackelford
How To Read A Slot Machine Par Sheetrock

Slot machines use a random selection process to achieve a set of theoretical odds. Random selection means that each time the lever is pulled and the reels are set in motion a combination of symbols are randomly selected. The 'random' aspect ensures that each pull of the handle is independent from every other pull, so that the results of the. How To Read A Slot Machine Par Sheet the game; the numbers; the quality; the speed and any other feature that you can imagine boils down to the software provider. Luckily, there are numerous software providers out there thus offering casinos a whole lot of options to choose from. However, in making this assumption, they fail to see a lot of valuable information to help determine if they should play a particular slot machine. Surprisingly perhaps, machines aren't all the same. The best way to separate one from another is to learn how to “read” a machine by looking at the payout schedule on the front.

Remember the movie National Lampoon’s Vegas Vacation, when gambling fever consumes Chevy Chase’s character, Clark W. Griswold? He goes on a losing streak to beat all losing streaks while his son, Rusty, wins four cars by playing the slot machines. Maybe Clark would have done better if he had read Probability For Dummies! In this article, you discover the basic ideas behind slot machines and how they work, so that you can get past the myths and develop a strategy based on sound probability.

Every slot maker creates a 'par sheet' that lists the symbol frequency and the paytable. This allows the payback to be calculated, and a programmer to write the computer code. Slot manufacturers guard these par sheets religiously, for no good reason.
Written by Joshua. At a very basic level, slot machines rely on math to ensure the outcomes that they promise over millions of spins. Some of that math has to do with how the reels are built and the outcomes that are possible as a result of those reel designs, and how frequently the slot can stop in those positions.

Understanding average payout

When casinos advertise that their slot machines pay out an average of 90 percent, the fine print they don’t want you to read says that you lose 10 cents from each dollar you put into the machines in the long term. (In probability terms, this advertisement means that your expected winnings are minus 10 cents on every dollar you spend every time the money goes through the machines.)

Suppose you start with $100 and bet a dollar at a time, for example. After inserting all $100 into the slot, 100 pulls later you’ll end up on average with $90, because you lose 10 percent of your money. If you run the $90 back through the machine, you’ll end up with 90 percent of it back, which is 0.90 x 90 = $81. If you run that amount through in 81 pulls, you’ll have $72.90 afterward (0.90 x 81 = 72.90). If you keep going for 44 rounds, on average, the money will be gone, unless you have the luck of Rusty Griswold!

How many pulls on the machine does your $100 give you at this rate? Each time you have less money to run through the machine, so you have fewer pulls left. If you insert $1 at a time, you can expect 972 total pulls in the long term with these average payouts (that’s the total pulls in 44 rounds). But keep in mind that casinos are designing slot machines to go faster and faster between spins. Some are even doing away with the handles and tokens by using digital readouts on gaming cards that you put into the machines. The faster machines can play up to 25 spins per hour, and 972 spins divided by 25 spins per minute is 38.88 minutes. You don’t have a very long time to enjoy your $100 before it’s gone!

The worst part? Casinos often advertise that their “average payouts” are even as high as 95 percent. But beware: That number applies only to certain machines, and the casinos don’t rush to tell you which ones. You really need to read or ask about the fine print before playing. You can also try to check the information on the machine to see if it lists its payouts. (Don’t expect this information to be front and center.)

How To Read A Slot Machine Par Sheets

Implementing a simple strategy for slots

How To Read A Slot Machine Par Sheet Shackelford

Advice varies regarding whether you should play nickel, quarter, or dollar slot machines and whether you should max out the number of coins you bet or not (you usually get to choose between one and five coins to bet on a standard slot machine). In this section, you’ll find a few tips for getting the most bang for your buck (or nickel) when playing slot machines.

Basically, when it comes to slot machines, strategy boils down to this: Know the rules, your probability of winning, and the expected payouts; dispel any myths; and quit while you’re ahead. If you win $100, cash out $50 and play with the rest, for example. After you lose a certain amount (determined by you in advance), don’t hesitate to quit. Go to the all-you-can-eat buffet and try your luck with the casino food; odds are it’s pretty good!

Choosing among nickel, quarter, and dollar machines

The machines that have the higher denominations usually give the best payouts. So, between the nickel and quarter slots, for example, the quarter slots generally give better payouts. However, you run the risk of getting in way over your head in a hurry, so don’t bet more than you can afford to lose. The bottom line: Always choose a level that you have fun playing at and that allows you to play for your full set time limit.

Deciding how many coins to play at a time

When deciding on the number of coins you should play per spin, keep in mind that more is sometimes better. If the slot machine gives you more than two times the payout when you put in two times the number of coins, for example, you should max it out instead of playing single coins because you increase your chances of winning a bigger pot, and the expected value is higher. If the machine just gives you k times the payout for k coins, it doesn’t matter if you use the maximum number of coins. You may as well play one at a time until you can make some money and leave so your money lasts a little longer.

For example, say a quarter machine pays 10 credits for the outcome 777 when you play only a single quarter, but if you play two quarters, it gives you 25 credits for the same outcome. And if you play the maximum number of quarters (say, four), a 777 resul